Raksha Bandhan is a day when brothers and sisters reaffirm their deep bonds of affection. Literally translated, raksha means “protection” and bandhan means “bond.” Together, the festival signifies a bond of love from which arises a sense of security and protection.
Falling on Purnima (full moon day) in the month of Shravan according to the Hindu calendar, Raksha Bandhan is most widely celebrated among Hindus, but Sikhs, Jains, and many other communities also observe it. While regional customs vary, the essence of the celebration remains the same. Over the centuries, traditions have been preserved even as the means of celebration have evolved with changing lifestyles.
In Indian tradition, the seemingly delicate thread of the rakhi is considered stronger than an iron chain, as it binds brothers and sisters in mutual love, trust, and duty. Numerous historical and mythological references highlight the significance of this festival. It is even mentioned in ancient epics as a festival of the gods.
One legend tells of Indra, the king of heaven, who was about to enter battle feeling uncertain. His wife tied a sacred thread around his wrist, assuring him of protection. His fears vanished, and he emerged victorious. Another famous story dates back to the time of Alexander the Great. When Alexander invaded India, he faced strong resistance from King Puru. Concerned for her husband’s safety, Alexander’s wife sought an audience with Puru and requested him to accept her as his sister. Puru agreed and vowed not to harm Alexander—a promise symbolized by the rakhi on his wrist.
On Raksha Bandhan, a sister ties a rakhi—often a beautiful thread adorned with beads or decorations—around her brother’s wrist and performs aarati. While tying the rakhi, she may recite the traditional Sanskrit mantra:
Yena baddho Balee raajaa daanavendro mahaabalah
tena twaam anubadhnaami rakshe maa chala maa chala
(“I am tying this rakhi on you, as the mighty demon king Bali was bound. Be firm, O Rakhi, never falter.”)
The sister prays for her brother’s well-being, success, and safety, while the brother pledges to protect her under all circumstances. This exchange nurtures healthy family relationships and mutual respect. Today, the celebration extends beyond biological siblings—women often tie rakhis to cousins, neighbors, and close friends with whom they share a bond akin to brotherhood.
The festival also carries a deeper spiritual message. Like many Indian traditions, it is a reminder to awaken the higher self, cultivate noble emotions, and work toward self-betterment. On this day, some also perform special prayers, including worship of Lord Shiva, the three-eyed deity.
Raksha Bandhan should be seen not merely as a ritual of tying a thread, applying tilak, exchanging sweets, and giving gifts. The rakhi is more than a symbol of affection—it represents a sacred promise of protection, unity, and moral duty. At its heart, Raksha Bandhan is about bringing people together, reflecting the true spirit of India’s diverse and vibrant festivals.
(Written by Vinod Chandrashekhar Dixit)
